12 Angry Men Leadership Essay - 1711 Words

12 Angry Men is a film originally produced in 1957 by Henry Fonda and Reginald Rose. It is about the journey 12 jurors go on to determine if a defendant is innocent or guilty. 12 Angry Men is a classic movie that is great for people learning different leadership styles, verbal and nonverbal cues, constructive/destructive conflict, and how ‘sidebar’ conversations impact a group’s ability to achieve their goal. The goal of the 12 jurors is to make a unanimous decision the defendant is either innocent or guilty. The jurors must make this decision based on whether the prosecutor’s evidence proved the defendant’s innocence beyond a reasonable doubt. Leadership played a large role in achieving this goal. Some of these three leadership forms were†¦show more content†¦Engleberg and Wynn (2012) state people who speak early and often in group settings tend to become leaders within the group. He does this in an autocratic way by having a strong position and not being open to hear and value other people’s opinions. This can hinder the group goals if an autocratic leader is allowed to become too destructive. Autocratic leaders can also positively impact the group as they eliminate groupthink and challenge individuals within the group to speak up, this is not always done though. Throughout the film viewers watch as Juror 3 becomes increasingly frustrated when people have different opinions as he believes his own opinion is the only option. Unlike Juror 3 Juror 8 is open and even welcomes others’ opinions. He was the only one to vote not guilty at the beginning of 12 Angry Men. He was not an appointed leader and throughout the course of this film he develops into an emergent leader. Juror 8 uses democratic leadership as he focuses on serving the needs of someone else and pointing out the severity of the issue they are deciding on and that a life is at stake. A democratic leader â€Å"understand(s) that these challenges are being made to present all sides of the issue and arrive at a better answer† (Kraemer, 2011). Juror 8 wants people to talk it through and make sure they have properly evaluated every side of the reason for being guilty or innocent and a just decision is made. He usedShow MoreRelated12 Angry Men: Leadership Essay1923 Words   |  8 PagesLeadership: In the movie 12 Angry Men there were two primary examples of leadership. The first was in the beginning of the movie, when the foreman gets everyone together in the room and has them sit down, assigning them each a number. He then proceeds to go over the process and rules they will proceed with, and sets up the initial voting. After the initial voting, he has them go around in a circle one by one to discuss the reasons why they voted the way they did. As the film progresses, the leadershipRead MoreEssay about The Power of Leadership in 12 Angry Men1477 Words   |  6 Pagesto grow with the strength and speed of the most powerful pathogens – possessing equal communicability as they spread to proximal centers of consciousness. How can this characteristic of ideas be utilized to benefit society? In the film Twelve Angry Men, we see a situation where Juror Eight – equipped with all the autonomy and wisdom of an ideal leader – appeals to logos in an attempt to prom ote the consideration of an idea, which he has planted in the minds of an otherwise unanimous jury; thisRead More12 Angry Men: an Illustration of Concepts of Organisational Behaviour2175 Words   |  9 Pages12 Angry Men: An Illustration of Concepts of Organisational Behaviour Introduction In 1957 Sidney Lumet’s 12 Angry Men was published (Lumet, 1957). Now, 55 years later, the movie’s teachings still hold most of their truths. The events shown in the movie can be scientifically explained using concepts of organisational behaviour. Although some of these concepts did not even exist by the time the movie was made, the movie still is an excellent case to study and illustrate them. The reason for thisRead MoreComparison Between 12 Angry Men And Dead Poets Society1875 Words   |  8 Pages12 Angry Men and Dead Poets Society Deconstruction In the movies 12 Angry Men and Dead Poets Society, there were many leadership traits that became evident as each movie progressed. . Both movies provide similar, yet different, examples of contingency, transformational, and authentic leadership; as well as Aristotle’s Rhetoric related to persuasion. As a leader you will need to know what kind of leadership trait to employ when dealing with a diverse group of people because if you cannot, you willRead MoreEssay about The Problem of Groupthink in 12 Angry Men934 Words   |  4 Pagesgroup, lack of norms and central leadership, in addition social background of group members. The third, situational context includes the circumstances of the groups meeting, social roles and expected behavior. This notion is exemplified during the movie, 12 Angry Men. The purpose of this essay is to examine the movie content to display the groupthink symptoms in place. Groupthink consists of eight major factors that occur during the films scenes, a s the twelve men debate a premeditated murder courtRead MoreDuring the Time of Samuel, Why Did the People of Israel Desire a King?1027 Words   |  5 PagesEssay 2 During the time of the judges, the land was full of corruption and sin. There was no king or legal authority in Israel and the people acted on what they thought was right and wrong. â€Å"In those days there was no king in Israel: every man did that which was right in his own eyes† (Judges 21:25). Samuel was Israel’s spiritual leader (priest), a prophet, and the last and most effective of the judges. God used Samuel to assist in the change of Israel’s government from a system of judges toRead More Affirmative Action and Racial Tension Essay1691 Words   |  7 Pageseveryone ¹s thoughts. Or so Barbara Ehrenreich believes when she writes of a quiet, subliminal prejudice that is caused by statistics that prove the fewer numbers of blacks in high profile jobs. When we see ninety percent of leadership roles in the corporate world held by white men, we begin to doubt other ¹s competence in that field. With so many minorities in menial roles, people begin to be lieve the white man is best for the top jobs; he knows them well(114). But with positive affirmative action policiesRead MorePigs Gain Power with Propaganda in George Orwells Animal Farm1747 Words   |  7 Pagesfeelings and motivates specific actions (Stults). In George Orwells’ Animal Farm, the animals of the farm plan on living in peaceful equality after overthrowing their human leaders, but the intelligent, cunning pigs seize the farm’s defenseless leadership. Orwell wrote Animal Farm as an allegorical â€Å"fairy story† (â€Å"Preface† 6) resembling the Russian Revolt during the 1900’s. An important similarity between Animal Farm and the Russian Revolution is the propaganda techniques the leaders used to acquireRead MoreOutline Janis Concept Of Goupthink 2069 Words   |  9 Pagesevaluation of alternatives†. †¢ Shown by Janis’ enhanced model (1983) – 2 different presidential decisions (bay of pigs and cuban missile crisis) only one condition changed within these 2 different decisions was the president’s leadership style. ESSAY Outline Janis’ concept of ‘groupthink’. Why, and in what circumstances, is it such a problem for organizations? â€Å"Organizations†¨ are internally structured groups that are located in complex networks of intergroup relationsRead MoreThe Leadership Style of King David3177 Words   |  13 PagesLeadership 1 Essay 1 Take one leader in the Bible, other than Jesus, and evaluate his or her leadership style from using the framework of modern thinking on leadership and your own theological reflection. Introduction In her book Leadership Can Be Taught, Sharon Parks (2005, p.3.) suggests that the study of leadership is important for the common good in todays complex changing world. The term complex changing world could easily be used to describe the time covered by the early years

The Era Of The Industrial Revolution - 1369 Words

When the Industrial Revolution started, it resulted in the world changing at a high pace. So, the people started to desire a simpler, and a more stable time. That’s when the revival of ancient architecture started to form. Each type of revival style was associated with a specific architect, for instance, A.W.N. Pugin was England’s leading Gothic revivalist. The revivals of the ancient architecture influenced the architectural designs of many architects of the time. Two of the most noted architects in the nineteenth century who were influenced by the architectural revivals were: Richard Morris Hunt, the leading architect to the Beaux Art style; and Henry Hobson Richardson, the father of the Richardsonian Romanesque architecture. The†¦show more content†¦Its style combined classical ideas from the ancient Greek, Roman, and Romanesque architecture and deployed their ideas into its architecture (Carven, 7/27/2016). The Beaux’s Art style influenced architectu re between 1880 and 1920, but its popularity ended with economic hardships from the great depression. Beaux Arts style emphasized the classical forms and features by showing elaborate details while having heavy masonry, and massive plans. The Beaux Arts displayed elaborate details by integrating sculpture that was influenced by the Baroque and Rococo styles. It also had classical details such as pilasters, balustrades, and garlands. It was highly ornamented to the point that an elaborately decorated surface with little areas left unornamented became the hallmark for the Beaux Arts style (Architectural style of America, n.d.). Also, the Beaux Arts style is symmetrical because it was influenced by the ancient Greek revival. Columns, arches, vaults, and domes were all elements of the Beaux Arts. They used all of these elements and characteristics to try and imitate the European Aristocracy houses. Beaux Arts main clients were the â€Å"would be American aristocrats† who have ac cumulated a massive amount of wealth throughout one or two generations. His main clients had to be the super wealthy people of the time because the Beaux Arts style of architecture had massive plans and heavy masonry, which means that his clients should beShow MoreRelatedThe Era Of Industrial Revolution1474 Words   |  6 Pagesages and eras that brought considerable changes and advancements to the human society. For instance, the age of exploration led explorers such as Columbus and Dias to discover unknown continents and routes. The age of enlightenment caused a burst of knowledge and ideas based on reason from people such as John Locke and Voltaire. The most important era, however, that brought substantial and visible change to the way of living is the era of Industrial Revolution. The period of the Industrial revolutionRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Of The Victorian Era2569 Words   |  11 Pages The Industrial Revolution of the Victorian Era was a time of development and underdevelopment. While the technology was improving, the social class structure and treatment of the underprivileged stayed the same. Social injustices at the time were often overlooked, but there were many Victorian writers, including Charles Dickens that wrote social commentaries regarding to these issues. Dickens sympathizes with society’s underprivileged because he had experienced similar injustices as a child. HisRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution: The Beginnings of the Modern Era Essay1948 Words   |  8 Pagesthe beginning of the â€Å"modern era,† but no development continues to impact and shape the contemporary world like the Industrial Revolution. The Industrial Revolution affected nations everywhere and ultimately created the world as we know it today. As Peter Stearns said, â€Å"Industrialization was the most fundamental force in world history in both the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries, and it continues to powerfully shape the twenty-first† (1). The Industrial Revolution marked a major turning pointRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution : The Era Of The Internal Combustion Engine2673 Words   |  11 Pagesnineteenth century, the industrial revolution played an important role to bring a major change in energy resources with the utilization of coal and developed to use for steam engines. As a result, there were increasing power plants. In the beginning of the 20th century, human relied on coal for mainly energy source however there was a gradual change towards oil and gas which could give higher energy content. Secondly, there was the launch of oil-powered vessels which is â€Å"the era of the internal combustionRead MoreIndustrial Revolution : A New Era Of Consumption And Self Satisfaction1484 Words   |  6 Pages This was the start of the industrial revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. When the world was entering the industrial age, the manufacturing industry has become a conceptual design that has been widely used in the machine, to accelerate the production, then the factories appeared. All this development resulted in entering a new era of consumption and self-satisfaction. To enter the scene,there are more new products in the markets and stores , it first seems new and strange for citizens, butRead MoreThe World Has Changed Since The Era Of The Industrial Revolution Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pages as they are the â€Å"ones who created the theory†. While everyone is entitled to their own opinion, people must understand that there is still a problem regardless of whether they choose to see it or not. The world has changed since the era of the industrial revolution; where everything was made fast in order to grow as a nation faster than others nations. Now, we have been immers ed into this technologically driven world that is controlled by the next big thing that is going to come out; no one is worryingRead MoreThe Effects And Effects Of The Industrial Revolution During The Victorian Era1465 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Victorian years, some of the main characteristics we think of the industrial revolution and the effects during the Victorian period. In this assignment I’m going to explain the impact that the industrial revolution had on people in There are three main characteristics of the industrial revolution which most people would think of first which are urbanization, suburb slums and agricultural revolution. Urbanization is when people move from small towns and the countryside to live in cities for moreRead Moreâ€Å"the Horrifying Effects of Child Labor During the Industrial Revolution Era†2220 Words   |  9 PagesThe world has had many great accomplishments but what people often fail to think about are the consequences of these great accomplishments. When the Industrial Revolution came to Britain, there was a high demand for labor to work in the various mills and mines because of the demand for production. Chimneysweepers also became common during this time. Because of this, families fled from their rural farms to industrialized cities in search of work. Children were often the workers of choice becauseRead MoreThe Consequences of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain (the Standard of Living Debate) and the Free Trade Era in Europe.1542 Words   |  7 PagesLecture 11: The Consequences of the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain (The Standard of Living Debate) and the Free Trade Era in Europe. I. The Consequences of the Industrial Revolution: The Standard of Living Debate. What happened to living standards during the Industrial Revolution? From today’s perspective, over 200 years later, most people would say that industrialization has raised living standards dramatically from those that prevailed in the 1700s. In fact, there is general agreementRead MoreWhy did the Industrial Revolution begin in England, and What are the Inventions from this Era?788 Words   |  4 PagesThe Industrial Revolution refers to the greatly increased output of machine-made goods that began in England in the middle 1700s. Before the Industrial Revolution, people made items by hand. Soon machines did the jobs that people didn’t want to do. This was a more efficient way of making goods. During the industrial revolution, Political, economical, and social forces led to a period of upheaval for the French during the eighteenth century. What political, economical, and social forces le d to a period

Violence in Music free essay sample

Teens In todays culture people are influenced by more than Just their friends and family. The problem being discussed is that music videos send a message that It Is k to live as a thug and hustler through the use of appeals by showing these thugs In music videos as living glamorous lives. Peoples personalities are Influenced by what they see and hear, whether It Is through television, radio, or video games.The television Is by far the most effective tool for influencing people. The invention of the TV gave advertisers and television networks the ability to advertise products and broadcast elevation shows to their audiences. Companies focused on marketing strategies to make the consumer feel as if they have the best product. Today, television advertising is a multi-billion dollar a year business with companies shelling out millions per commercial to sell their product.There is no debate that the television is our main source for receiving information but what if this Information was influencing people, children specifically, in a negative way? Todays economy has forced parents to work more and more, which Limits the amount of time they can spend and talk to their children. According to the A. C. Nielsen Co the average child spends less than 3. 5 minutes a week having a meaningful conversation with their parents and over 1,680 minutes watching television. Which has a bigger Influence on children, TV or parents?Music videos can send negative influences through Walsh 2 advertisements, lyrics, and the actions taking place in the videos TV has all sorts of shows that influence children in negative ways, but there is one form of television that has the most appeal and influence to younger generations. Music videos provide its viewers with images and sounds simultaneously to convey a message and a meaning. Some of the most famous musicians that have the most popular videos are people like 50 cent, Jay Z and P Daddy.All three of these artists have been arrested for numerous crimes, drug possession, assault and battery, possession of an illegal firearm, and the list goes on. The music videos that these artists put out are filled with everything that they themselves have been Involved In; drugs, sex, violence, and hatred for the police. The views and opinions of these rappers are not discouraged; they are considered a way of life, what the rap and hip-hop community calls the hug life. The thug life is a glorified way of living, where people shoot first and ask questions later; where image is key.The use of advertisements is seen in almost all music videos displaying the most exciting images to the viewers. These videos almost exclusively show the same images over and over again; expensive cars, promiscuous women and running from the police. Studies have shown that violent videos do in fact cause violent behavior. As read in the article, violent rap lyrics can encourage violent behavior; students were found to experience an Increase in aggressive Houghton after listening to songs with violent lyrics (Woodward). For people to say that rap music videos do not have a negative Influence on youth is arrogant and dangerous. More than 1,000 studies since 1955 have linked media violence and aggressive behavior Lapping). Surveys conclude that music videos are watched by a majority of teenagers. Take the MAT network, for example. Designed for Walsh 3 of boys and 78 percent of girls in this age group for an average of 6. 6 and 6. 2 hours each week, (Crime). Why is it that MAT and BET continue showing these music videos, knowing the harm it does to society? It is because sex, violence, and hatred are todays biggest sellers.On February 2003, 50 Cent released his commercial debut album, Get Rich or Die Trying, which sold 872,000 copies in the first four days of its release. The song and music video In dad club was the albums big hit, and was number one on the music charts for weeks. In the video 50 Cent raps about getting shot, selling drugs, having expensive cars and sleeping with multiple women. I see Exhibit in the Cut that n**** roll that weed up If you watch how I move youll mistake me for a playa or pimp Been hit wit a few shells but I dont walk wit a limp.I got the X if you into taking drugs Im into having sex, I anti into making love. These are Just a few of the lyrics in 50 Cents In dad club. In the video the viewer sees 50 Cent and his crew practicing shooting guns at targets, aiming for headsets, and other violent and inappropriate images. To think that millions of children and teens listened and watched this video countless times is scary. When children are exposed to as much TV as they are it is scary to think that these kinds of videos are the most popular. These are the kinds of artists that kids and young adults see as role models.False images can be seen in the way 50 Cent presents himself. He is funny, persuasive and even comes across as a Walsh 4 nice guy. 50 Cent does not care, or even think about what his music is doing to its viewer because he feels like he is Just expressing himself and making a lot of money. The music industry gets away with putting these videos and songs out there by labeling them as forms of art. The only problem with this is that the music industry is usually the only one who views it this way. What is most important is how the viewers see the videos. Younger viewers see In dad club as ways to model their own behavior.They strive to be like 50 Cent and desire his lifestyle. His gangs attitude is appealing to younger and older audiences alike, and his music is created by some of the most talented producers in the world. The talent behind 50 Cent makes his songs so successful and allows 50 to package his negative themes in catchy well- produced songs. It is hard for a kid not to listen to something that is well made and sounds good. The combination of music and images is more potent than either alone, Rich points out. Music lulls and disinherits, making it easy to suspend reality.The barrage of brief scenes allows images of violence and sex to be mixed in far more insidious ways than in a narrative drama, such as the soaps or sitcoms (Crime). Dry. Deer makes 50 Cents beats; he is arguably the best rap producer of all time. If a rap song has a good beat and a nice flow people will listen to it. The lyrics within the song are only a small percentage of the songs appeal and not understood after Just listening once. Combining negative lyrics and images with a great sounding beat is usually rap producers recipe for a hit album. Jay Z, famous multi- ultimatum rapper, released a song called 99 Problems in 2003. 99 Problems was a song aimed at police, and Jay Gs belief that the police are out to get him. Jay Z was, community. His opinion influences many people and what he says is often times taken as a truth in the urban culture. A music video like 99 Problems is very dangerous for young adults to see. The video is convincing and makes the viewer feel bad for Jay Z. He is portrayed as the victim of many problems, his biggest problem being the police. When children grow up without a role model they look to others for advice and someone they can strive to be.Jay Z encourages youth to do whatever necessary to obtain wealth regardless if what you do breaks the law. Young minds arent always capable of separating fiction and reality, Rich comments. They may see violence as an easy way to settle conflict or relieve stress. The media doesnt show the consequences, and they dont think about them(Crime). In one scene in the music video Jay Z raps about getting pulled over by the police for no reason, as the camera pans around the car while Jay Z is rapping you see the trunk filled with brief cases full of drug money.He disrespects the cops and out wits them by saying hat they need a search warrant to search his car, and that he is so rich that he can higher a lawyer if they decide to do anything. Jay Z is considered a smart guy so people listen to what he has to say. This is where advertisement comes into play, these words are convincing and could easily be seen as truth. When watching the music video for 99 Problems the viewer really starts to think that cops are bad guys out to get them. In the following lines Jay Z says that he was given a high bail Just because he was black.D. A. Tried to give the n**** shaft again Half-a-mil for bail cause Im African All because this fool was Harris them Walsh 6 Trying to play the boy like Hess saccharin. To suggest that the police and Judges will someone a high bail because you are African is a little far-fetched and gives authority a bad stereotype. In his John Woodward says, many writers and thinkers see a kind of informed political engagement, even a revolutionary potential, in rap and hip-hop. They couldnt be more wrong.By enforcing the stereotypes that long hindered blacks, and by teaching young blacks that a thuggish adversarial stance is the properly authentic response to a presumptively racist society, rap retards black success. If kids start to believe that this is how the government is and that respect for authority is useless there will be an overwhelming amount of disorder between youth and the law. After hearing this kind of message over and over again people will start to believe artists like Jay Z and his depiction of the police as bad guys.A good example of a song and music video that promotes every kind of negative image for kids and young adults is the song titled Bad Boys for Life, by Sean Combs, also known as P Daddy. The name of the song in its self gives the audience an idea about what to expect to hear in the lyrics. In the beginning of the video there is a nice quite neighborhood. As the camera angle changes a bunch of black cars pull up to a house. When the cars stop, the music starts, and a group of girls wearing close to nothing start walking out of the bus with P Daddy behind them.The videos main theme is to show how P Daddy and his crew completely turned a nice neighborhood upside down by having crazy parties and racing through the quiet streets in low riders. They rap about drugs, violence important in their lyrics. The very first line mentions that the rapper P Daddy is waists involved in drugs and that he has a hit list. Im the definition of, half man, half drugs Ask the clubs, Bad Boy thats hasps After bucks, crush cruise after us No gaze, we anti laughing much Nothing but big things, check the hotlist This video sends a bad image because it is the definition of a negative rap video. Bad Boys for Life has all the harmful components found in most rap videos grouped into one. Having fun and going crazy is the real message in this video. P Ditsy disturbance of a neighborhood is seen as funny when in reality should be seen as seriously bad. This kind of video promotes insane behavior and a disregard for the people around the viewer. Our findings raise concern for the effect of violent portrayals in music videos on adolescents expectations about their own safety and the way they view people of another gender or race.Their approaches to interracial interactions and male-female relationships, and their strategies for conflict resolution are vulnerable to the effects of these portrayals. (Crime) When a child sees this video they will start to think of violent and disturbing behavior as being fun and acceptable, especially when behavior like this is unacceptable; for example in a quiet neighborhood. These three videos are Just a few of hundreds of USIA videos that contain harmful images that are seen by millions of children every day.For some reason the rap and hip hop community is responsible for the vast majority of the most violent, sexist, and racist videos. Something needs to be done in regards to monitoring what children and even teens can see on TV. These video are not meant to be seen as fictional, they are meant to Walsh 8 be seen as real life depictions of the rappers glorified thug life. When images of money and success are combined with images of violence, complete disregard for the law, sex, drugs and parties, only harm can come.People, especially kids, start associating all these images and start to form completely wrong views of what life is really all about. The videos seen today are so dangerous to society as a whole because todays society is more fueled by media than it has ever been. Because of this fact people need to make sure that they are not feeding our youth things that will destroy lives later on down the road. Instead of promoting negative images artists need to step it up, and realize that they can make a difference by using their status to influence children in a positive way, rather than in a negative way.

McJournalism in the UAE

Introduction The media has emerged as one of the most powerful forces in modern day due to the huge influence it has over the society. It is able to affect people since the reports it provides inform individuals and help them to gain new perceptions on issues going on around them.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on McJournalism in the UAE specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A person’s opinion on various issues is coloured by the media since it provides the â€Å"backdrop against which we make sense of new conditions and information† (Gentz Kramer 2006, p.32). Journalists, who are the professionals charged with collecting information and reporting it to the public, are an integral part of the media. They act as societal â€Å"watchdogs†; always looking for newsworthy material and publicly critiquing any action that runs contrary to the ideals of the society. By doing this, they are able to accurate ly reflect the mood of the society and promote worthy causes for the betterment of the society. However, the last 2 decades have witnessed a significant shift in the manner in which journalists carry out their work. Over this period, journalism has become market driven with reports tending to be structured in such a manner as to appeal to the public often at the expense of the integrity that characterised traditional journalism. Franklin (2005) refers to this trend as McJournalism which is the emergence of a â€Å"highly standardised, packaged journalism† (p.2). In the United Arab Emirates, the government has a tight leash on the media which means that journalists cannot report as liberally as their western counterparts. This paper will set out to argue that while McJournalism in the UAE is still low, it is taking hold and might be expected to rise significantly in the near future. The paper will review the reasons behind the low level of McJournalism at present and provide a n analysis of how McJournalism is taking a hold in the UAE with relevant examples to reinforce this.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reasons for Low Levels of McJournalism As it currently stands, journalists in the UAE are discouraged from reporting on matters that may be too controversial. The media law which was promulgated by the National Media Council contains sections which impose fines on journalists who disseminated information that can be deemed to â€Å"disingenuous† on the country’s’ economy or any information that could tarnish the image of the UAE (Ibrahim Al-Abed et al. 2006). Journalists stand at the risk of being fined up to AED 500,000 for violating this clause and an even more outrageous penalty of 5 million is to be imposed on journalists who report on matters that are reproachful to a royal family member of officials of the UAE gover nment. Under such stringent conditions, journalists are unlikely to resort to the sensational reporting that characterises McJournalism. An important dimension to McDonalization is control which involves being in command of both workers and the consumers in the industry. Franklin (2005) states that control has led to the isolation of journalism making them individuals rather than team workers and they therefore have to produce news that the market will want to read or else face cuts since they have reduced bargaining power. Journalists in the UAE are not as exposed to this form of control due to government influence on media houses. The government’s media law requires media houses to make hefty security deposits which are to be used as collateral in case of any fine imposed if a journalist for the particular media house contravenes the law.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on McJournalism in the UAE specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rugh (2004) declares that such security deposits acts as clear indications that the government has the media under its control and journalists have to operate in a restricted manner. Kadragic (2010) reveals that while articles are not censored by the government prior to publication, â€Å"everyone working from the editor-in-chief on down has a clear idea of what stories cannot be printed† (p.249). This self censorship arises from the fact that most of the English speaking journalists are expatriates who are in the UAE for economic reasons. Kadragic (2010) reveals that for this expatriates, publishing material that is critical of the government will lead to deportation which would be undesirable. The journalists therefore have to engage in self-censorship and ensure that their work is acceptable by the government. Mcjournalism has led to the media being obsessed with rating and circulation numbers which are indicators of commercial success. This trend h as been encouraged by the dimension of calculability where the ability to quantify news is emphasised on. McJournalism therefore promotes the aggressive following of stories that are likely to increase revenue for the media house. However, journalists in the UAE do not have the incentive to follow up on popular stories. For example, there was a tape which alleged torture carried out by a royal family member against an Afghan businessman. The tape which was aired by ABC News had a wide viewership on the international market.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More While the story also sparked interest within the local population, there was little attempt by the UAE media houses to report on the issue since it involved a nephew of a Dubai ruler. Ginges and Pintak (2009) observe that only one daily newspaper based in Dubai, the National, ran the story and even then, the incident was fuzzy with little account of what really happened. The follow up report on the issue was even more blurred with mentions of an investigation being underway made and no indication of what was being investigated being given. The reason for this underreporting of a news story that would have appealed to the public was because of the repercussions that would have followed for any journalist who followed the story too closely (Ginges Pintak 2009). Finances play a major role in the operations of media houses. High efficiency is aimed at increasing production while reducing cost. Pure commercial considerations therefore guide the operations of most media houses in the wor ld which results in an adoption of the most effective formats of reporting and taking up sensational news that are bound to increase readership or readership. Some of UAE media is shielded from these financial considerations since they are either owned by the government or by rich individuals whose major motivation is not excessive profits from their media operations. Kadragic (2010) states that the Abu Dhabi government owns most of the important news installations in the region. Public service media workers are less inclined to engage in the kind of journalism that engenders McJournalism. They are unlikely to report on scandals that affect the government or members of the Royal Family. Evidence of McJournalism in the UAE One of the evident marks of McJournalism in the UAE is the introduction of â€Å"7 Days† which is a freely distributed newspaper that is characterised by short articles and eye-catching headlines. The paper is structured in a manner similar to the British Me tro which demonstrates the concept of standardisation based on the principles of efficiency and predictability since the British Metro newspaper has been a huge success especially in gathering advertisement revenues for its owners. The CEO of the paper, Mark Rix, confesses that the paper mimics the British Metro in that it provides entertaining material for the readers (The National, 2012). This newspaper is structured in such a manner that it attracts the readers â€Å"but not so appealing that (it) diverts readers away from the advertising content of the paper (Franklin 2005, p.5). This is significant considering the fact that 7 Days has as much advertisement as it has articles in any issue. An aspect of McJournalism is making news readily accessible to readers by offering it in â€Å"nuggets† which the consumer can easily consume. Accessibility has meant making use of big headlines with short words and making use of humour and big pictures (Aggarwal Gupta 2001). This asp ect is evident with the Gulfnews newspaper which issues news in a form that is accessible to its readers. In a report on unsafe transformers in Sharjah, the reporter puts the heading as â€Å"Shock in Sharjah over 11,000 volts† (Masudi, 2012). This clever word play is accompanied by a big picture of an exposed transformer. The story is not lengthy which means that the reader does not have to spend a lot of time to get the necessary information. McJournalism has also resulted in the â€Å"dumbing down† of news agenda due to a number of reasons. McNair (2009) reveals that quality news production is an expensive endeavour and in some instances it takes significant amounts of times to develop stories. Even then, there is no guarantee that the stories will be published or if they will be of interest to consumers. In contrast to this, human interest, consumer, and lifestyle coverage are not only cheap to come up with but they also guarantee readability. For this reason, medi a houses in the UAE like the Gulfnews are giving more space to such news as opposed to quality news. Franklin (2005) asserts that such a trend is in line with McJournalism were human interest story which translate to greater sales or views are given prevalence to other important stories which may not attract a wide readership or viewership. The second reason is increased competition in the market. Franklin (1999) states that the media agenda has been dictated by the increasingly competitive market under which journalists are obliged to operate. Editorial priorities therefore have to change with the need to entertain audiences and readers taking precedence over the need to inform them. Discussion In the current age, the ideal media, which reports news and stories that are of value to the public in an unbiased manner and without any vested interest, is non-existent. Instead, the media industry is driven by a number of factors most prominent of which are economics and politics. The UAE presents a unique environment for journalism since the media has to abide by strict government restrictions. Unlike in Western nations where statutory press regulations do not exist, the UAE has laws which not only limit what the press can report on but also forbids any defamation of the royal family and government officials. This heavy regulation has meant that media in the UAE cannot engage in McJournalism fully. However, the government is relaxing its hold on the media as a result of international pressure and criticism by the Non Governmental Organizations operating in the region. In an attempt to demonstrate its openness and dynamic nature, the government has relaxed some of its holds on the media. A decree in 2007 by Sheikh Mohammed who is a ruler in Dubai stated that no journalist could be jailed for performing their job. Ibrahim Al-Abed et al. (2006) observe that freedom from arbitrary incarceration greatly empowers journalists to take part in reports that are of interest t o the public in a list inhibited manner. It can be forecasted that in the near future, UAE readers and viewers will be subjected to a more uniform and predictable diet of news as journalism in the region becomes more McDolnadized. Conclusion This paper is set out to argue that while McJournalism in the UAE is currently low, it can be expected to rise in the near future as government regulations on media eases. The paper began by reviewing why McJournalism is not as prevalent in UAE as it is in many Western Nations. It then highlighted how this concept is taking root in UAE media and how some aspects of McJournalism are already evident in the UAE media. As government restrictions ease up and the media is allowed to report freely on topics of public interest, it can be projected that the UAE media will adopt a McJournalism culture which will be characterised by sensational reporting and issuing people with news material in a user-friendly manner with the hope of increasing viewership and readership. References Aggarwal, B Gupta, V 2001, Handbook of journalism and mass communication, Concept Publishing Company, New York. Franklin, B 1999, Social Policy, the Media and Misrepresentation, Routledge, Boston. Franklin, B 2005, â€Å"McJournalism: the local press and the McDonaldisation thesis† in S. Allan Journalism: Critical Issues, Open University Press, New York. Gentz, N Kramer, S 2006, Globalization, Cultural Identities, and Media Representations, SUNY Press, Canberra. Ginges, J Pintak, L 2009, â€Å"Inside the Arab Newsroom†, Journalism Studies, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 157-177. Ibrahim Al-Abed, et al., 2006, Chronicle of progress in mass communication journalism, Trident Press Ltd, Abu Dhabi. Kadragic, A 2010, Commentary: Media in the UAE: The Abu Dhabi powerhouse, Asia Pacific Media Educator, vol.20, no.1, pp. 247-252. Masudi, F 2012, 11,000-volt transformers left in open, unsecured in Sharjah. Web. McNair, B 2009, News and Journalism in the UK, Ta ylor Francis, London. Rugh, W 2004, Arab mass media: newspapers, radio, and television in Arab politics. Westport, Praeger Publishers, CT. The National 2012, 7DAYS plans websites catering to markets outside the UAE, https://www.thenational.ae/business/7days-plans-websites-catering-to-markets-outside-the-uae-1.364104. This essay on McJournalism in the UAE was written and submitted by user Keira Reid to help you with your own studies. 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